前寒武纪沉积岩地球化学特征及其对地壳演化的指示意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨忠芳  徐景奎  施俊法 《地质科技情报》1992,(3)

本文介绍了运用前寒武纪沉积岩地球化学特征推断地球早期地壳的组成、增生历史及太古—元古宙界面构造性质突变问题,这已成为国际前寒武纪地质研究的前沿课题,并已相继在世界典型的前寒武纪低级区及部分高级区开展了这一方面的研究工作,取得了一系列重要进展。  相似文献   

东海磁场特征的初步研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄兆熊  高德章 《上海国土资源》1992,(1):12-23

东海磁场区域上呈现“东西分带、南北分块”的格局,根据磁场特征,自西向东可分为六个磁场区,为东海区域构造分区提供了地球物理场依据。东海磁场特征主要反映了上地壳的构造特征。本文结合东海断面重磁曲线的拟合成果,讨论了东海地壳结构、块体对接等问题。我们认为东海基底是晚中生代后由不同块体在不同时代对接而成,由西向东基底年代越来越新,地壳结构也由典型的陆壳过渡到典型的洋壳。  相似文献   

The Alpine geodynamic evolution of Penninic nappes in the eastern Central Alps   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

U. RING 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1992,10(1):33-53

The eastern Central Alps consist of several Pennine nappes with different tectonometamorphic histories. The tectonically uppermost units (oceanic Avers Bündnerschiefer, continental Suretta and Tambo nappes, oceanic Vals Bündnerschiefer) show Cretaceous/early Tertiary W-directed thrusting with associated blueschist facies metamorphism related to subduction of the Pennine units beneath the Austroalpine continental crust. This event caused eclogite facies metamorphism in the underlying continental Adula nappe. The gross effect was crustal thickening. The tectonically lower, continental Simano nappe is devoid of any imprint from this event. In the course of continent-continent collision, high- T metamorphism and N-directed movements occurred. Both affected the whole nappe pile more or less continuously from amphibolite to greenschist facies conditions. Crustal thinning commenced during the regional temperature peak. A final phase is related to differential uplift under retrograde P–T conditions. Further thinning of the crust was accommodated by E- to NE-directed extensional deformation.  相似文献   

Crustal structure of the west Bengal basin, India from deep seismic sounding investigations     

K. L. Kaila  P. R. Reddy  D. M. Mall  N. Venkateswarlu  V. G. Krishna  A. S. S. S. R. S. Prasad 《Geophysical Journal International》1992,111(1):45-66

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松树沟超镁铁岩和铬铁岩的微量元素及锶氧同位素地球化学研究     

张泽军 《矿物岩石》1992,(4)

根据岩石学特征,本文全岩样品被分为三组。各组岩石具有不同的微量元素含量和锶氧同位素组成,还呈现不同的变异特征。各类岩石的Rb,Ba,Nb,Sr等元素含量明显高于原始地幔值。这些特征与其他已发表的资料均反映出超镁铁岩和铬铁岩有地幔残余成因和岩浆结晶成因,以及上涌地幔经历过多期部分熔融和大陆岩石圈中壳幔物质混染作用。  相似文献   

Structure of the Mérida Andes, Venezuela: relations with the South America–Caribbean geodynamic interaction     

Felipe E. Audemard  Franck A. Audemard   《Tectonophysics》2002,345(1-4)

For over 50 years, several models based on diverse geologic concepts and variable quality of data have been proposed to explain the major structure and history of the Mérida Andes (MA), in western Venezuela. Lately, this chain growth and associated flexural basins deepening have been related to incipient type-A subductions of either polarity, accounting for the across-chain asymmetry. However, these recent models have not well integrated the present tectonically active setting driven by neighboring major plate interactions. At present, this chain exhibits ongoing strain partitioning where cumulative right-lateral slip along chain axis is as much as half of, or about the same, as the transverse shortening since late Miocene, thus implying that the NNE-directed Maracaibo block extrusion with respect to the South America (SA) plate is not a secondary feature. Consequently, this paper discusses some limitations exhibited by the SE-directed continental subduction models—Maracaibo crust underthrusting the Mérida Andes—in the light of available geological and geophysical data. Besides, it is herein proposed that the Mérida Andes structuration is related to a NW-directed, gently dipping, incipient type-A subduction, where chain growth and evolution are similar to those of a sedimentary accretionary wedge (i.e., Barbados), but at crustal scale and with ongoing strain partitioning. This continental subduction is the SE portion of a major orogenic float that also comprises the Perijá range and the Santa Marta block.  相似文献   

Crustal make-up of the northern Andes: evidence based on deep crustal xenolith suites, Mercaderes, SW Colombia   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Marion B. I. Weber  John Tarney  Pamela D. Kempton  Raymond W. Kent   《Tectonophysics》2002,345(1-4)

Samples of the deep crust and upper mantle in the Northern Andes occur as abundant xenoliths in the Granatífera Tuff, a late Cenozoic vent in the Mercaderes area of SW Colombia. The lower crustal assemblage includes granulites, hornblendites, pyribolites, pyroxenites and gneisses; mafic rocks predominate, but felsic material is also common. P–T conditions for the pyribolite assemblages (i.e. Hbl+Fs/Scp+Grt+Cpx+Qtz±Bt), which are the best constrained, are 720–850 °C and 10–14 kbar, consistent with a deep-to-lower crustal origin. A notable feature of this xenolith suite is that it is dominated by hornblende. However, mineral reactions within the suite show that there is a transition from amphibolite to granulite facies, and there is a probable restite–melt relationship represented within the suite. However, the latter appears to be dominated by hornblende and garnet.The mafic rocks mostly lack the high Cr and Ni that would be expected of cumulates. Neither do they possess the positive Sr and Eu anomalies that would be consistent with resite or cumulate models for the lower crust. They bear greatest similarity to oceanic basalts (s.l.). The Rb contents of the xenoliths, whether mafic or silicic, are very low, and the more silicic members of the suite tend to have small positive Sr and Eu anomalies, which are transitional to adakitic compositions. The Sr isotopic compositions of the xenoliths lie between 0.704 and 0.705; however, the Nd isotopic compositions are much more variable, indicating considerable long-term heterogeneity. Few of the xenoliths can be compositionally recognised as metasedimentary; however, a sedimentary component is evident in the Pb isotopic compositions. Within these constraints, our favoured model is a deep crust formed by basaltic components (subduction–accretion?), and minor sediment, which is subject to an increase in thermal gradient to produce the granulites, any melting being dominated by hornblende-out reactions involving garnet. However, there is no evidence of any pervasive crustal melting, leading to the conclusion that the voluminous Andean magmatism arises from the mantle wedge.  相似文献   

Gravitational and buckling instabilities of a rheologically layered structure: implications for salt diapirism   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Alik T. Ismail-Zadeh  Herbert E. Huppert  John R. Lister 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,148(2):288-302

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Structural factors controlling the rupture process of a megathrust earthquake at the Nankai trough seismogenic zone   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

S. Kodaira  E. Kurashimo  J.-O. Park  N. Takahashi  A. Nakanishi  S. Miura  T. Iwasaki  N. Hirata  K. Ito  Y. Kaneda 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,149(3):815-835

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非连续变形分析与现代地壳运动研究     

王泽民 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2001,26(2):122-126

介绍了非连续变表分析（DDA）方法的原理、特点及适用范围，分析了DDA方法较常用的有限元法的优越性，进一步提出把现有平面DDA推广到球面DDA方程的基本思路，希望为在大范围内研究地壳运动找到突破口。在此基础上，结合目前我国地学研究的热点，提出了三类最具代表性的实际问题，应用DDA方法可以在此方面进行深入研究。  相似文献